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With Wyeth’s second firm had been the Methodist clergyman Jason Lee and his nephew Daniel Lee, the primary of many missionaries to come to the Northwest. They proposed to coach and Christianize the Indians, and for this objective they established in 1835 a Methodist mission station and school in the Willamette Valley. Appointed Chief Factor of the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1824, within a 12 months he constructed Fort Vancouver on the north financial institution of the Columbia River, a couple of miles east of the mouth of the Willamette. But the primary post within the Columbia River region was that established by members of John Jacob Astor’s Pacific Fur Company in 1811 at Astoria, near the log fort by which Lewis and Clark had handed the winter of 1805-6. One group of Astor’s company sailed from New York around Cape Horn, arriving in March 1811 on the mouth of the Columbia, where eight members of the party lost their lives in an unskilful try and enter the river. Ten years later one other Englishman, Captain John Meares, fitted out a naval expedition in search of the great river that Heceta had reported in 1775. Entering the broad mouth of the present Columbia, he determined that this was no more than a big bay and departed after naming the entrance Deception Bay and the promontory on the north Cape Disappointment.

Hudson’s Bay Company, Dr. McLoughlin had aided the newcomers with credit score and counsel. McLoughlin en joyed the safety of British laws within the conduct of his firm’s affairs, but Americans in the territory were for essentially the most half ignored by successive administrations at Washington. Soon thereafter, American trappers and traders started to push westward past the Rockies into the rich domain of the British site visitors, and their frequent clashes with males of the Hudson’s Bay Company together with the beginnings of organized immigration introduced the vexed query of sovereignty over the Oregon country increasingly to the fore. Eight there was no native authorities in the Ore gon territory besides that of the Hudson’s Bay Company which exer cised feudal rights derived from the British Crown. After its purchase of Astoria in 1813, the North West Company continued to manage the Oregon fur commerce till 1821, when it was merged with its British rival the Hudson’s Bay Company.

In 1806 a British buying and selling publish was arrange by Simon Fraser of the North West Company, on what later got here to be referred to as Fraser’s Lake, close to the 54th parallel. This news was introduced by agents of the North West Company, who provided to buy your entire establishment of Astoria at a reasonable valuation. Spanish claims within the nebulous southern space had been eradicated a 12 months later, when the southern boundary was fastened on the 42nd parallel; and Russia in 1824 renounced all pursuits below 54° 40′ north latitude. By the Treaty of Florida in 1819, the southern boundary was fixed at the 42nd parallel; and in 1846, Great Britain and the United States agreed to a northern boundary alongside the 49th parallel. The issue was lastly settled in 1846, when the 2 nations compromised on a boundary alongside the 49th parallel, and the Oregon country between that and the 42nd parallel on the south became undisputed American soil.

On August 14, 1848, greater than two years after the boundary dispute was settled, and because the climax of a 24hour debate; a dilatory Congress passed the invoice admitting Oregon as a territory. The provisional government thus organized was confirmed and got here into impact as the result of a particular election held on July 25, 1845. George Abernethy was chosen Governor, and remained so by re-election all through the three years of provisional authorities. For a great a few years each earlier than and after Gray’s verification of its existence, the river was generally referred to as the Ouragon, Oregan, Origan, or Oregon. Into this immense wilderness, inhabited solely by scattered tribes of Indians, got here the American explorers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark, heading an expedition authorized by President Jefferson and Congress “to explore the Missouri River, & such principal streams of it, as, by its course £ communication with the waters of the Pacific Ocean, could supply probably the most direct & practicable water communication throughout this continent, for the needs of commerce.” Starting up the Missouri on May 14, 1804, the party reached the headwaters of the Columbia in October of the following 12 months, journeyed down the river to arrive at Cape Disappointment in November, and handed the winter in a rude log fort which they named Fort Clatsop, after a neighboring Indian tribe.